Pengembangan Kincir Air Sebagai Pembangkit Listrik untuk Kebutuhan Lokasi Wisata Bendungan Desa Menaming Rokan Hulu Riau
Abstract
Bendungan Menaming berada di Desa Menaming terpisah sekitar 3 km dari pemukiman penduduk sehingga jauh dari jangkauan penyedia layanan listrik. Air dari bendungan didistribusikan melalui saluran irigasi ke persawahan dan perikanan warga mengandung banyak daya hidrolis. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat bertujuan untuk menyediakan kebutuhan daya listrik dengan mengembangkan pembangkit listrik pikohidro karena lokasi sedang dalam pengembangan untuk dijadikan kawasan wisata. Pemanfaatan sumber daya air pada saluran irigasi dapat dilakukan dengan mengembangkan kincir air sebagai penggerak generator listrik. Pembangkit listrik dengan penggerak kincir air aliran bawah sangat cocok dikembangkan karena pembuatan dan perawatannya mudah. Disamping itu struktur dan bentuk kincir air dapat menambah keindahan dan daya tarik bagi pengunjung lokasi wisata. Sekarang telah terpasang pembangkit listrik tenaga air dengan daya total sekitar 70 Watt. Listrik ditansmisikan menggunakan kabel melalui tiang listrik dan masing-masing dipasang sebuah lampu LED (Light Emitting Diode). Selanjutnya pada salah satu warung di dalam lokasi wisata dibuat instalasi lampu dan stopkontak untuk charging hand phone. Lampu juga terpasang pada sebuah rumah yang berdekatan.
The Menaming Dam is located in Menaming Village, about 3 km apart from residential areas, so it is far from the reach of electricity service providers. Water from the dam is distributed through irrigation channels to residents' rice fields and fisheries containing a lot of hydraulic power. Community service activities aim to provide electrical power needs by developing a pico-hydro power plant because the location is being developed to become a tourist area. Utilization of water resources in irrigation can be done by developing a waterwheel as driving for electricity generators. The power plant with an undershot waterwheel is very suitable to be developed because it is easy to manufacture and maintain. Besides that, the structure and shape can add to the beauty and attractiveness of visitors to tourist sites. Now a hydroelectric power plant has been installed with a total power of about 70 W. Electricity is transmitted using cables through the power poles and an LED light is installed on each of them. Furthermore, in one of the stalls in the tourist location, installation of lights and sockets for charging mobile phones was made. Lights were also installed in an adjacent house.
References
Asral, Akbar, M., & Syafri. (2017). The Performance of Undershot Water Turbine Combined With Spiral Tube Pump On Empowerment of Energy Resources Local Contiguous Small River. Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace, 42(1),19-23. DOI: 10.31227/osf.io/s3ep8.
Asral, Huda, F., & Akbar, M. (2019). Two water wheels performance in series for Empowerment of irrigation. Proceeding the International Conference on Design, Energy, Materials and Manufacture, 24-25 October 2018, Bali-Indonesia. DOI 10.1088/1757-899X/539/1/012025.
Asral, Fatra, W., & Yasri, I. (2019). The Performance of Undershot Water Wheel On Irrigation with Four Steps Mechanical Transmission and A Flywheel. International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET), 10(6), 1744-1750. DOI: 10.21817/ijet/2018/v10i6/181006045.
Butera, I., & Balestra, R. (2015).Estimation of the Hydropower Potential of Irrigation Networks. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 48(5), 140–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser. 2015.03.046.
Dewi, E.P. (2011). Analisa Sumbangan Nilai Ekonomis Air Pada Kincir Air Irigasi Terhadap Pendapatan Petani dan Masyarakat Tani. Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Andalas Padang.
Darmawi, S.R., Bernas, S.M., & Imanuddin, M.S. (2011). Hambatan dan Tantangan Pemanfaatan Aliran Air Pada Saluran Irigasi Sekunder Untuk Memompakan Air Kelahan Persawahan Sebagai Dukungan Bagi Pengelolaan Lahan Sub-Optimal Di Desa Bangun Sari Telang II- Kabupaten Banyuasin. Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sriwijaya.
Heider, K., Quaranta, E., Aviles, J.M.G., Lopez, J. M.R., Balbo, A.L, & Scheffran, J. (2022). Reinventing the wheel – The preservation and potential of traditional water wheels in the terraced irrigated landscapes of the Ricote Valley,southeast Spain. Agricultural Water Management, 256, 107240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107240.
Madi, Naimah, K., Hariyanto, D., Ikhram, R., Rahmadi, I., Kusuma, A.P., Hasbiyalloh, & Rafi, R. (2021). Analisis Tingkat Kepuasan Masyarakat Terhadap Penerapan Generator-Mikrohidro Sebagai Sumber Energi Listrik di Dusun Batu Saeng, Lampung. Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat, 6 (3), 811-822. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30653/002.202163.815.
Madi, Yunesti, P., Praseptiawan, M., Rafi, R., & Kusuma, A.P. (2022). Penerapan Teknologi Energi Hybrid: Turbin Mikrohidro dan Panel Surya Untuk Menambah Produksi Energi Listrik di Dusun Batu Saeng, Tanggamus, Lampung. Jurnal Pengabdian Pada Masyarakat,7 (3), 592-601. https://doi.org/10.30653/002.202273.149.
Quaranta, E., & Revelli, R. (2015). Performance Characteristics, Power Losses and Mechanical Power Estimation for a Breastshot Water Wheel. Energy, 87, 315-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy. 2015.04.079.
Quaranta, E. (2018). Stream water wheels as renewable energy supply in flowing water: Theoretical considerations, performance assessment and design recommendations. Energy for Sustainable Development, 45, 96-109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2018.05.002.
Tarjuelo, J. M., Diaz , J.A.R, Abadía, R., Camacho, E., Rocamora, C., & Moreno, M.A. (2015). Efficient Water and Energy Use in Irrigation Modernization: Lessons from Spanish Case Studies. Agriculture Water Management, 162, 67-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.08.009.
Wu, Y., & Chen, J. (2013). Estimating irrigation water demand using an improved method and optimizing reservoir operation for water supply and hydropower generation: A case study of the Xinfengjiang reservoir in southern China. Agriculture Water Management, 116, 110-121. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.agwat.2012.10.016.
Williamson, S.J, Stark, B.H, & Booker, J.D. (2014). Low Head Pico Hydro Turbine Selection Using a Multi-Criteria Analysis. Renewable Energy, 61, 43-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene. 2012.06.020.
